Szabó Csaba
20
05
09
19
Előadó
Albert Einstein nevét általában a relativitáselmélettel kapcsolja össze a közvélemény, sokan nem is sejtik, hogy milyen sokoldalú szerepet játszott a 20. század fizikájának és tudományos gondolkodásának alakulásában. Hogy megértsük Einstein munkásságának forradalmi voltát, az előadás röviden bemutatja a fizika helyzetét a 19. század végén, majd áttekinti azokat a területeket, ahol Einstein eredményei új utakat nyitottak a fizika előtt.
The name of Albert Einstein is usually associated by the public with the theory of relativity. There are not many who know he played such a manifold role in the development of physics and scientific thought in the 20th century. In order to understand the revolutionary character of Einstein's works, this lecture will give a short presentation on the status quo in physics at the end of the 19th century, and reviews the areas where the results of Einstein opened up new paths for physics. His discoveries were decisive in the initiation and development of quantum theory and have their impact even today, not only on the scientific way of thinking, but also in the field of applications. The vision created by quantum theory on microparticles, namely their dual- and particle-wave character, is based on the discovery by Einstein of the particle of light, the photon. It only turned out twenty years later, when quantum mechanics was created, that this applies to microparticles in general as well. It is on the basis of his works that the discharge of nuclear power and the physical theory of lasers are based, and the general theory of relativity provides the basis for modern research in physics and cosmology about the structure and development of the Universe.
A szabadgyökök szerepének megértése forradalmat jelentett az orvostudományban, és alapjaiban változtatta meg a betegségek kialakulásával és kezelésével kapcsolatos felfogásunkat. Az előadás a szabadgyökökkel kapcsolatos tudományos eredmények bemutatásán túl gyakorlati aspektusokat is tárgyal. A szabadgyökök biológiája olyan területekre enged bepillantást, mint a C-vitamin egészségvédő szerepe, az öregedés, a rák, a szívinfarktus, az agyvérzés és a vörösbor védő hatása…
Free radicals are short-lived oxygen- or nitrogen-based molecules that attack - by their chemical properties - various crucially important proteins, but are extinguished themselves as a result of those reactions. The understanding of the role of free radicals proved revolutionary in medical science, and fundamentally changed our approach to the development and treatment of illnesses. Today, the general audience is increasingly interested in free radicals as well. The biology of free radicals sheds new light on seemingly far-off areas, such as the health-protecting role of vitamin C, the biology of ageing, of cancer, of heart attacks, of strokes, and of diabetes, the protective effect of red wine, the increased protection of women against cardiovascular diseases, the new hypertension medicines, and Viagra, the magic pill for the treatment of impotency.
20
05
10
03
Előadó
A mesterséges polimerek, a műanyagok döntő szerepet játszottak a 20. század technikai vívmányainak létrehozásában. A műanyagfogyasztásban a fejlődő világrészek lakosainak törekvése megállíthatatlan: ők is mobiltelefonra gyűjtenek, a jövőben gépkocsit szeretnének. Miből készüljön a műanyag a kőolaj utáni korban? Erről szól az előadás, szemügyre véve a fenntartható fejlődés követelményeit, a környezetvédelmet, a bio-kompatibilitást, a biomassza átalakítását és mindezek társadalmi-etikai vonzatát is.
Out of the engineering materials (metals, ceramics, and polymers), the lecture concerns synthetic polymers that played a decisive role in the creation of technological feats during the twentieth century. We get an overview of the development of plastics, their technical properties, and the conditions of their production. Today, and increasing amount of synthetic polymers are made from crude oil. It is a widely held notion that plastic is a typical material of the forced consumption levels of our globalized world, wasting the Globe's non-renewable raw material, and therefore having no place in sustainable growth. The use of plastic is indeed correlated with the affluence of a country, its GDP, and crude oil consumption. And the ambitions of developing continents are indeed unstoppable. This lecture will provide an answer to the question whether plastics should be made at all in the age after oil; considering the requirements of sustainable development, environmental protection, compatibility with nature, the conversion of bio-mass, and recycling. Finally, we will learn about the possibilities of producing environmentally friendly polymer composites that link natural and synthetic polymers in a new way.