Kroó Norbert
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05
05
30
Előadó
Az utolsó harminc évben virágzó akadémiai diszciplínává vált politikai filozófia felülről tekint a politikára. Ezért nem sokat tud kezdeni azzal a jelenséggel, hogy a közvélemény szemében a politika gyanús vállalkozás, a politikus kétes figura. De létezik egy olyan politikai filozófia is, amely magából a politikai életből, a politikai konfliktusokból indul ki. Ennek az irányzatnak a kulcsszava a "politikum". A "politikum" filozófiája nem veszélytelen. De mindenképp van egy előnye: szembenéz azokkal a veszélyekkel, amelyeket az akadémiai politikai filozófia főárama elkerül.
Politics is a dubious enterprise; the politician is regarded with some suspicion by public opinion. From a sociological standpoint, the judgement of politics and politicians is paradoxical, from the political one, it is worrying and from an intellectual point of view, it is unacceptable. There are practical reasons for these perceptions but the theory of politics should also attract culpability. Political philosophy surveys politics from above and attempts to pass judgement based on higher principles. Yet, a kind of political philosophy exists which takes political life itself, the conflicts inseparable from politics, as a starting point. This approach is known as politicum. According to this approach, politics is not always nor is the only tool for implementing economic and social interests and moral and ideological ambitions; it has its own aims and dignity. This philosophy of politicum has the advantage of confronting the dangers that mainstream academic political philosophy overlooks, yet it is not itself without its own risks.
Ismereteink egy igen jelentős hányadát fény segítségével szerezzük meg. A fény hullámhossza viszont határt szab az optikai rendszerek felbontóképességnek, a láthatóságnak. Egy "újfajta fény" azonban megteremtette annak lehetőségét, hogy ezen a korláton átlépjünk. Olyan optikai elemeket és chipeket hozhatunk így létre, amelyek akár le is körözhetik a jelenleg használt elektronikus chipeket nagyobb elemsűrűségükkel, sebességükkel és még egy sor előnyös tulajdonságokkal.
Electromagnetic radiation segments, falling into various wavelength realms, inform a significant portion of our knowledge about the world. Visible light is only a rather narrow segment of the broad spectrum available, yet its significance to us is extraordinary, since it is this range that affects the sensitivity of our eyes. The lecture explores the importance of light to various areas of life, from life processes, to the visual arts, through to scientific research. In addition, we can learn about the way light transpires, the characteristics it displays, and the ways in which electromagnetic radiation helps reveal the secrets of our universe. Light also plays a vital part in mankind's penchant for miniaturization. The discovery of a new type of light - surface plasmons - opened new horizons where the wavelength of light no longer delimits the resolution capacity of the optical system. This allows for the production of optical units and chips that would compare favourably to the electronic ones currently in use, and may well initiate a fundamental paradigm shift in information technology, among other things. The lecture describes this new type of light; then, in closing, it explores the ways in which we can use light in the production of computers that are based on the use of atomic components.
20
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12
Előadó
A minket körülvevő és a bennünk lévő rendszerek - nagyobb molekuláink, sejtjeink, szerveink, baráti társaságaink, munkahelyünk, a társadalom, amelyben élünk, és az egész Föld - mind-mind hálózatok. E hálózatok hihetetlen módon egyformán viselkednek. Közös vonásaikat, stabilizálásuk módjait mutatja meg az előadás, amely izgalmas utazásra hív az evolúció, a rák, az öregedés, az emberi nyelv, a számítógépes programok, a gazdasági rendszerek és a történelem világába.
The initial part of the lecture gives a concise summary of the three major general features of networks: small-worldness, scale-freeness and nestedness. Weak links stabilize all complex systems. The main part of the lecture shows the validity of this concept in all areas of science. Water-induced weak links in and around proteins help them to change. Protein-induced weak links help the changes of cells and their evolution. The symmetry of our face reflects the internal stability level of our cells. A beautiful, almost symmetrical face shows an optimal mix of stability and change. A forest is a tight ecosystem, where trees are weakly linked and supported by fungi below the earth. A society is stabilized by the small talk and gossip of women. Vice versa, women become psychically stabilized by the cooperative weak links they build. Weak links are necessary for innovations in a society and may only develop if the society has tolerance and trust. Weak links are our investment for the future.